Eye surgery is a medical procedure that can help people improve their vision. It can reduce the need to wear glasses or contact lenses. There are several different types of eye surgery, and the one that’s best for you depends on the type of vision problem you have.
LASIK (Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis)
LASIK uses a laser to correct refractive errors, such as myopia, hyperopia or astigmatism. The laser flattens or reshapes the cornea so light can focus more accurately on your retina, reducing eye strain and improving your vision.
Before surgery, your eye doctor examines your eye and takes detailed measurements of your cornea. This information allows your surgeon to plan the exact treatment you need. He or she may use a sedative medication to keep you comfortable.
The eye surgeon then uses a special type of cutting laser to precisely alter the curvature of your cornea. The laser removes a small amount of tissue with each pulse, flattening the cornea or making it steeper so light can focus more clearly on your retina.
You may need to take a mild sedative orally during the procedure. This helps you remain still on the operating table. Your eye doctor may also use a numbing drop to help you feel less pain and discomfort during the operation.
Pre-Op Care
Before the operation, your Eye surgery BC doctor will give you instructions about how to prepare for the surgery. This includes stopping wearing contact lenses for a period of time and taking your prescribed medications. You should also avoid strenuous activities and drink plenty of water.
Your doctor will explain the risks of the operation and answer your questions about the recovery process. He or she will also let you know how long it will take for your eyes to heal properly and see clearly after the surgery.
Post-Op Care
After the procedure, you should take care of your eyes by applying eye drops as directed. Your doctor will also prescribe a medication to help with inflammation. You should see your eye doctor again in a few days for a follow-up exam to assess your progress.
Retina surgeries
If your retina is damaged or detached, your eye doctor can repair it with a procedure called retinopexy. The doctor uses a freezing probe or a laser to make small scars. Alternatively, the doctor can insert a thin plastic band around your sclera (the white part of your eye) to hold your retina in place and restore your vision.
Laser surgery is sometimes used to treat wet age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), a condition that causes dark spots in the center of your vision. Leaky blood vessels can cause this condition to worsen, so the doctor uses a laser to burn away unwanted blood vessels and prevent them from growing more.
Diabetic retinopathy is another condition that can be treated with laser surgery. High blood sugar levels can damage your retina’s blood vessels, causing them to leak fluid and blood. This can cause your vision to get blurry and floaters to appear in your field of view.